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Gelfred Compressors

(Gelfred Technical Specifications Brochure - .pdf)

Refrigeration Power:   The refrigerating capacities specified in this catalogue have been established by our laboratory after exhaustive processes of test and control. All the tests have been made for 50 Hertz and without gas subcooling. When the compressors are used to 60 Hertz is necessary to foresee an increase of 20% of the refrigerating power. All the motor-driven compressors have been prepared to work with R22, R134a, R404 and R407B respecting at any moment the specified application fields. The indicated refrigerating powers (Watt) are calculated on the basis of 50 Hertz and 1450 R.P.M., without subcooling of liquid and with aspiration gases at 25°C in agreement with the norm DIN 8977. The intermediate values can be obtained by interpolation. The R404A powers have been established with a " Glide " factor of 0,5°C, waiting for the appearance of a norm for the azeotropical mixtures. The refrigerating powers have been expressed in Watts, this being the unit adopted officially by most of the countries. Converiosn factors: 1 Kcal/H =1,163 W 1 W = 0,860 Kcal/h 1 W = 1 Jul/s 1 W = 3,415 Btu/h

Lubrication:

The lubrication of GELFRED® compressors is made using one of two systems according to models. Thus in compressor models GK and GL (cooled with air or water) a centrifugal mixed system and of mumbling is used, and in models GLR, GMR, and G9R the cooling is made by means of a lubrication pump able to work in both senses. The automatic control of the system pressure must be made by means of a differential oil pressure switch, which will act according to the amount and quality of the case oil.

Coolants:

We are in a new age in which the traditional coolants CFC's will be replaced by the HCFC's, HFC's and its mixtures. The HCFC's (R22), at the moment and in the immediate future, will play a very important role that will allow the refrigeration industry to make an acceptable transition to new products of the HFC's. A series of technological improvements have been made to GELFRED® compressors, like the valves board of 2nd generation.

Maximum Pressures:

The maximum working pressures, never must be exceeded. The maximum pressure in the zone of loss (aspiration) is 20.5 bars and in the zone of discharge (compression) 28 bars.

2nd Generation:

All the improvements of materials and constructive parts have been verified with exhaustive tests of efficiency, resitance, fatigue and durability, with the purpose of offering a high reliability product. As main improvements we can emphasize: - Valve board Diminution of the dead space and optimization of the admission and exhaust sections, that takes to an improvement of the volumetric efficiency and the isoentrópic efficiency. - The exhaust service valve The compressors cooled with 2nd Generation aspiration gases, have the exhaust service valve located in the cylinder head, with the purpose of limiting to the maximum the overheating of exhaust gases and avoiding their undesired efects

Application and Selection:

In order to guarantee a good operation and a long life duration of GELFRED® compressors all the considerations and fields of application specified in the present catalogue heve to be respected . For that reason it is of vital importance at the time of selecting the compressor to take into consideration factors like: evaporation T , condensation T, aspiration gases T, cooling type, etc. The compressor model GK-GL can be cooled with air or water. The compressors cooled with water are equipped with a winding of copper tube (coil) around the compressor, through which the cooling water circulates. The mentioned winding (coil) will be provided whenever it is specified in the order. The compressors cooled with aspiration gases are the models GLR, GMR and G9R.

R22 (+ aceite mineral ):

The use of R22 as transition cooling agent continues to be a perfectly worth option. In spite of the continuous modifications to the calendar of progressive reduction of the HCFCís, we do not think that its use represents an essential problem before year 2002-2005. GELFRED® incorporates the 2nd Generation compressors to the traditional range of products in applications for low, average and high temperature (liquid injection Electronic-Kit) in R22 with mineral oil. Mineral oils are good for GELFRED® compressors. Producer Oil type Shell Clavus G32 Sun Oil Co Suniso 3GS Texaco Capella Wf32 Castrol Ilematil 266

R134a (+ Poliol-Ester oil):

The R134a is a nonchlorinated coolant (HFCís) with zero ODP (Ozone Destroying Potential) and with very low levels of toxicity, similar to the R12. The thermodynamic properties of the R134 are similar to those of the R12, for this reason being considered the substitute of the R12. The important differences appear in in low temperature applications because the R134a has a elevated rate of compression, quickly diminishing the efficiency coefficient as it descends the evaporation temperature and it increases the condesation one.

R404A (Poliol-Ester oil):

The R404A is a pure coolant mixture with an almost azeotropic behavior (Glide factor of 0,5°C), composed of HFC R143a (52%), R125 (44%) and R134a (4%), thought to replace the R502 in the applications of average and low temperature. Being composed in his totality by HFCís it has a ODP value of zero, having the benefits very similar to those of the R502 and even better in some aspects (unload T, refrigerating capacity and COP). To be an almost azeotropic mixture it is important to make the load of the system in liquid phase following the adequate precautions to avoid liquid blows.

R407B (+ Poliol-Ester oil):

The R404A is a pure coolant mixture with an almost azeotropic behavior (Glide factor of 0,5°C), composed of HFC R143a (52%), R125 (44%) and R134a (4%), thought to replace the R502 in the applications of average and low temperature.

LUBRICANTS (Poliol-Ester):

The conventional mineral oils traditionally used so far, can not be mixed with the new HFCís coolants. The new compressors X-GK, X-GL, X-GLR, X-GMR, and X-G9R for R134a, R404A and R407B are provided with Poliol-Ester oil (POE), substitute of the mineral oil. The POE are not 100% mixable with the HFCís as it happened with the R22 and mineral oils. This phenomenon should not influence the installation made with the combination R22 + mineral oil whenever the already known pertinent recommendations are followed. It is recomandable a change of oil between the 100 and 200 running hour and later once a year, change the oil filter and verify the functioning of the compressor (oil pressure, tightness of the compressor working valves and the functioning of the complementary devices). Only fill the compressor with oils from well closed cans. Dehydration Another own characteristic of POE oils is their great hygroscopic character (tendency to absorb humidity). It is very important for the good operation and the durability of the installation to diminish this phenomenon. The residual humidity of an installation measured after 48 hours of its starting must be inferior to 50 ppm. For this, before the starting of the installation it is necessary to make a perfect dehydration of the circuit. The level of vacuum made must be of the order of 0,3 mbar and the residual humidity does not be superior to 10 ppm. Manipulation The dehydration of the circuit is of great importance, but also we do not have to forget to avoid to the maximum the possible contamination of the oil before its incorporation into the system. For this it is recommended to use small capacity cans and with the original seal on, avoiding its exposure to humidity during the manipulation. Always keep beside the " GOOD PROFESSIONAL DECALOG ". POE oils are good for GELFRED® compressors.

Motors and Electrical Protection:

All the electrical motors have been designed and constructed to allow a direct starting, under the conditions established in the present catalogue. If the local network or the norms of industry delegation do not allow the direct starting, we can prepare the motors for a triangle star starting or preferredly by-pass starting system (leveling of pressures in the cylinder head before starting the compressor). All motor-driven GELFRED® compressors include integral motor protection. Composed by three thermostatic probes inserted in the electrical winding, giving as result a great rapidity and reliability of the answer, that in combination with the overintensity relays of the electrical supply line we receive an optimal rank of security and protection of the motor-driven compressor. Under demand we can provide the motor-driven compressors with termistores and with an oversized fuse box with strips for connection, with an IP-55 execution .

By-Pass:

The use of By-Pass starting system, that is made up of valve of solenoid, valve of retention, timer and interconnectors to the cylinder head, is more recommendable than the star-triangle starting system. The by-pass starting is much more smooth and it does not harm the electrical motor since this is made with leveled start and stop pressures in the cylinder head.

Case Resistance:

The presence of coolant in the oil can cause binding of connecting rods and bearings. For that reason the use of a case resistance is recommended, in those cases in that the room temperature is low and can favor the cooling condensation within the case. With the resistance the case temperature is rised sufficiently to achieve the evaporation of the gas and thus to avoid its mixture with the oil. The resistance must always be connected directly to the power network and its assembly can take place at any time.

Cylinder Head Ventilators:

Its use is recommended in facilities with little ventilation and for those cases in which distance condensing units are used. Also he is advisable in the applications of R22, R404A and R407B of low temperature and in the water cooled compressors.

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